Fpga basic architecture pdf

This modulator is designed and implemented with the help of altera cyclone iv fpga and altera dsp builder tool kazaz, 20 the architecture has been designed on bpsk and qpsk digital modulation. The purpose of a logic block in an fpga is to provide the basic com putation and storage. First, the general information about the structure of the zynq is provided. They are io blocks or pads, switch matrix interconnection wires and configurable logic blocks clb. In section 3, we analyze the design target of nn accelerators and corresponding. Fpga manufacturers include intel, xilinx, lattice semiconductor, microchip technology and microsemi. Know about fpga architecture and thier applications. Configurable logic blocks programmable interconnections.

We will discuss the common components that make up the fpga as well as the advantages of using an fpga for digital logic design finally, youll understand how design software, such as the. This paper briefly discussed on the basic needs of logic synthesis and also discuss few interesting facts and design. We investigate stateoftheart automatic design methods of fpgabased neural network accelerators. The need of programmable devices was realized in early 70s itself with the design of. Architecture of fieldprogrammable gate arrays information. Logic blocks implement the logical functions required by the design and consist of various components such as transistor pairs, lookup tables luts, flip flops, and multiplexers. Pdf fpga based generalized architecture for modulation. This course is for anyone passionate in learning how a hardware component can be adapted at runtime to better respond to usersenvironment. The basic andor architecture pals are flexible devices. Basics of fpga architecture and applications elprocus. Introduction to zynq architecture blog company aldec. In this article, the zynq7000 all programmable soc architecture is explained. Cplds also differ in terms of shift registers and logic gates.

Understanding these concepts assists the designer in guiding the vivado hls compiler to create the best processing architecture. The code that you write makes real physical connections with wires to perform the function that you need. A field programmable gate array fpga is a programmable logic device that supports implementation of relatively large logic circuits. Fpga interview questions, fpga interview questions. The basic approach in designing the alm was to investigate building a larger lut to. Figure 26 is a vhdl architecture body declaration that describes the structure shown in figure 24. First of all an overview of the basic fpga architecture is presented. Second, the zynq design flow is described and shown in a flowchart.

As the only type of fpd that supports very high logic capacity, fpgas have. Complete set of video lessons and notes available only at cpld and fpga. A fieldprogrammable gate array is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic components called logic blocks, and programmable interconnects. Arshad aziz basic fpga architecture technology timeline the design warriors guide to fpgas devices, tools, and flows.

About this guide spartan6 fpga dsp48a1 slice user guide this guide describes the architecture of the dsp48a1 slice in spartan6 fpgas and provides configuration examples. Introduction to fpga design with vivado hls 9 ug998 v1. Free fpga books download ebooks online textbooks tutorials. Basic fpga arch xilinx free download as powerpoint presentation. If you have a solid grasp on these concepts, then fpga design will.

All rights reserved for academic use only basic architecture 5 virtexii architecture virtexii architectures core voltage operates at 1. Fpga vs asic summary frontend design flow is almost the same for both backend design flow optimization is different asic design. Background knowledge and introductory materials from politecnico di milano. In stark contrast to the cpu architecture, an fpga has highly configurable logic and data paths. In addition, we assume familiarity with basic computer architecture concepts pipelining, speedup, amdahls law, etc. The general fpga architecture consists of three types of modules. Alternatively you can send the bitstream to the fpga via a computer connection to the chip. Pdf fundamentals of fpga architecture researchgate.

Introduction fpga field programmable gate array is an integrated circuit containing gate matrix which can be programmed by the user in the field without using expensive equipment. With advancement, the basic fpga architecture has developed through the addition of more specialized programmable function blocks. The book includes several features that make it particularly valuable in a classroom environment. This training will give you a basic introduction to the architecture of a modern fpga. Fpgabased acceleration architecture, which we call the con. The basic fpga architecture has 2 dimensional arrays of logic blocks with a means for the user to configure the interconnection between the logic blocks and the function of each logic block. The various architectures of these devices are examined in detail along with their tradeoffs, which allow you to decide which particular device is right for your design. These wires allow for signals to be routed according to the definition of the circuit. Basic vhdl for fpga design minimal getting started guide. Programmable logic blocksthe purpose of programmable logic block in a fpga is to provide the basic computation and storage elements used in digital systems. An fpga comprises of an array of programmable logic blocks that are connected to each other. For this tutorial, you will write a basic program to prove that the architecture is working. Most cplds complex programmable logic devices have macrocells with a sum of logic function and an elective ff flipflop. Introduction hardware concepts that apply to both fpga and processorbased designs.

You can think of logic blocks as separate modules like lego blocks which can operate in parallel. Majority of electronic circuit is made up of the three basic components. An illustration of typical fpga architecture is shown in figure. Depending on the chip, the combinatorial logic function supports from 4 to 16 product terms with inclusive fanin. A typical cad flow this tutorial introduces the basic features of the quartus ii software. We will discuss the common components that make up the fpga as. Xilinx fpga architecture basic blocks are a logical cell a 4 input lut can also act as 16x1 ram or shift register lut ff a b c e clock y q d. Basic fpga arch xilinx field programmable gate array. A basic fpga architecture figure 1 consists of thousands of fundamental elements called configurable logic blocks clbs surrounded by a system of programmable interconnects, called a fabric, that routes signals between clbs. Basics of field programmable gate arrays waqarwaqar hussain hussain firstname. Fundamentals of fpga architecture chapter pdf available.

Although here we have discussed only basic logic blocks, many modern fpgas contain a heterogeneous mixture of blocks, some of which can only be used for speci. Ee200 3 xc4000 fpga architecture srams cells throughout the fpga determine the functionality of the device configurable logic block clb programmable interconnect io blocks. An fpga is made up of an array of programmable logic blocks. Figure 24 shows how the reg4 entity might be composed of dflipflop s. These are the fundamental concepts that are important to understand when designing fpgas. An illustration of a typical fpga architecture appears in figure 2. The basic fpga architecture has two dimensional arrays of logic blocks with a means for a user to arrange the interconnection between the logic blocks. Complex programmable logic device cpld architecture and. At this point in a typical application, you might do some analysis or write to a file with this data, among other things. Plds splds, complex plds cplds and fieldprogrammable gate arrays fpgas. Configurable logic blockclb it contains digital logic,inputs outputs. These logic blocks are connected by reconfigurable sets of wires. Introduction to fpga and its architecture towards data.

This is enabled by a bitwise, finegrained architectural model to realize computation. Modern fpgas contain typically 4 to 10 bles in a single cluster. Plas and pals that have pin packages of 20 44 pins and density ranging from 100 to several hundred gates are considered splds. Jan 10, 2009 neeraj goeliit delhi plan fpga architecture basics of fpga. An fpga is a component that can be thought of as a giant ocean of digital components gates, lookuptables, flipflops that can be connected together by wires. Altera continues to lead the fpga industry in architectural innovation. Fpga architectures overview in this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased, flashbased, antifusebased and their applications. The special functional blocks like alus, block ram, multiplexers, dsp48, and microprocessors have been added to the fpga, due to the frequency of the need for such resources for applications. In order to better understand how fpgas work, it is beneficial to comprehend their atomic units of computation. A fieldprogrammable gate array fpga is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing hence the term fieldprogrammable. In this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased. The next sections of this paper is about the design flow for an fpgabased project. Third, the processing system ps and programmable logic pl, which are located inside the zynq, are described in more detail.

A knowledge of the rtlbased fpga design ow is helpful, although not required. If we are to describe this in vhdl, we will need entity declarations and architecture bodies for the subsystems, shown in figure 25. After a historical introduction and a quick overview of digital design, the internal structure of a generic fpga is discussed. Section 2 introduces the basic operations of neural networks and the background of fpgabased nn accelerator.

As the name suggests,field programmable gate arrays the standard logic elements are available for the designer and he has only to interconnect these elements to achieve the desired functional performance. Fpga architecture, technologies, and tools neeraj goel iit delhi. The fpga configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language hdl, similar to that used for an applicationspecific integrated circuit asic. The logic fabric and routing architecture in altera fpgas are unmatched, providing customers with a number of advantages. It shows how the software can be used to design and implement a circuit specified by using the vhdl hardware description language. The circuits are defined by a user in a programming language, specifically intended to describe hardware. Select the checkbox under programconfigure for the fpga and press the start button to configure the fpga. Once this is done, the fpga is progammed to perform a specific user function e. Logic blocks can be programmed to perform the function of basic logic gates such as and, and xor, or more complex combinational functions such as decoders or mathematical functions.